What does graded actually mean? An independent third party has examined the piece, confirmed it is genuine, assigned a condition grade, and sealed it in a tamper evident holder with a unique certificate number you can look up on the grading service’s own website.

The services are not interchangeable. NGC grades struck coins on a 70 point scale, PMG grades paper money and adds the EPQ designation for original, unprocessed paper, and CGC uses a 10 point scale suited to flat collectibles such as silver foils. The right service is the one whose specialism matches the material.

Our Grading 101 guide explains what the numbers mean, and the slab label guide shows how to read and verify a holder line by line.